晶体振荡器及其应用电路的工作原理解析

昌叶春

      

　　Crystal oscillators operate on the principle of inverse piezoelectric effect in which an alternating voltage applied across the crystal surfaces causes it to vibrate at its natural frequency. It is these vibrations which eventually get converted into oscillations. 晶体振荡器的工作原理是逆压电效应，其中施加在晶体表面的交流电压使其以固有频率振动。
　　A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator that makes use of crystal as a frequency selective element to obtain an inverse piezoelectric effect. It makes use of the mechanical resonance of the vibrating crystal, which has piezoelectric properties, in order to obtain an electric signal with a high-precision frequency. Crystal oscillators are considered superior to ceramic resonators as they have higher stability, higher quality, lower cost and are smaller in size. 晶体振荡器是一种利用晶体作为频率选择元件以获得反向压电效应的电子振荡器。它利用具有压电特性的振动晶体的机械共振，以获得具有高精度频率的电信号。晶体振荡器被认为优于陶瓷谐振器，因为它们具有更高的稳定性、更高的质量、更低的成本和更小的尺寸。

　　Crystal oscillators are frequency controlling components，of which the accuracy and stability are the most important considerations. They usually use the same circuits as other types of oscillators, with the difference being the crystal replacing the tuned circuit. In crystal oscillators, the crystal vibrates as a resonator and the resulting frequency determines the oscillation frequency. In other words, the crystal acts like a circuit having an inductor, resistor and capacitor with precise resonant frequency. 晶体振荡器频率控制器件，其精度和稳定性是最重要的考虑因素。它们通常使用与其他类型的振荡器相同的电路，不同之处在于晶体取代了调谐电路。在晶体振荡器中，晶体作为谐振器振动，产生的频率决定了振荡频率。换句话说，晶体就像一个包含电感器、电阻器和电容器在内的精确谐振频率电路。

丰沛珊

信息实用，感谢分享，期待更多内容。

胡丰熙

多谢，已收藏，下次做方案可以参考。

段子悦

多谢，正好解决了最近的几个疑惑。

渠伪寂

感谢，内容有深度，不是泛泛而谈。

苗倩丽

感谢，安全注意事项提醒得很到位。

欧阳平良

感谢，特别是关于可靠性设计的部分。

郭时

多谢，比看零散资料直观多了。

沓遛逸

整理得很好，先存

钱洁玉

多谢，这份资料直接存下来备用了。